Let’s talk Differentials. Locker, LSD, Open – What’s the Diff?

By Patrick Rich - April 25, 2019

What is a differential?

A differential is, put in simplest terms, a solution to a problem of geometry. Put two wheels on the ends of a stick then ask them to trace a circle there are 2 things you’ll note immediately...

How do they work?

Open Type

The ring gear gets its power from the driveshaft and because it's bolted to the differential housing on bearings they rotate together...

Differential Locker

The differential locker is the easiest of the differentials to describe because when it’s in a locked state there is, effectively, no differential at all...

Pro Tip: Differential Lockers for Maximum Traction

Differential lockers are ideal for off-road enthusiasts who need maximum traction on challenging terrain. When locked, they provide equal power to both wheels, ensuring you don't get stuck.

Limited-slip

The limited-slip differential, or LSD, is exactly what it sounds like – a differential that allows for limited slip...

Other types

A few other types worth mentioning are twin clutch systems like the GKN Twinster, as found in the Focus RS, and Honda VTM/SH-AWD...

Pro Tip: Choosing the Right Differential for Your Needs

Consider your driving style and terrain when choosing a differential type. Lockers are great for extreme off-roading, while LSDs offer a good balance of traction and streetability.

Conclusion

If you’ve made it here, I congratulate you on your stamina. I’ve always been a bit of a nerd when it comes to this stuff.